How to Get the Best Mortgage Rate

Securing the best mortgage rate is a crucial step in the home-buying process, as it can significantly impact your monthly payments and the total cost of your home over time. A lower interest rate can save you tens of thousands of dollars, but securing that rate can feel like a challenging process. So, if you’re wondering how to get the best mortgage rate, this guide will provide you with actionable steps to help you seize the most competitive rate possible, so you can buy a home with confidence.

1. Understand what influences mortgage rates

Before you start shopping for a mortgage, it’s important to understand what factors influence the interest rates lenders offer. Knowing these factors will help you position yourself as a strong candidate for a lower rate.

Credit score: Lenders use your credit score to determine your creditworthiness. A higher score indicates that you’re a low-risk borrower, which can help you secure a lower rate. Conversely, a lower score can result in a higher mortgage rate.
Loan-to-value (LTV) ratio: The LTV ratio is the loan amount compared to the home’s appraised value. A lower LTV ratio (achieved by making a larger down payment) typically leads to a better rate.
Debt-to-income (DTI) ratio: Your DTI ratio measures how much of your monthly income goes toward debt payments. Lenders prefer borrowers with a lower DTI ratio, as it suggests you have a comfortable financial cushion to handle mortgage payments.
Loan type and term: Different types of loans (such as fixed-rate or adjustable-rate mortgages) come with different interest rates. Similarly, shorter-term loans usually have lower rates than longer-term loans.
Economic conditions: Broader economic factors like inflation, employment rates, and Federal Reserve policies also play a significant role in determining mortgage rates. While you can’t control these, understanding them can help you make informed decisions.

2. Boost your credit score for a better rate

Improving your credit score is one of the most effective ways to qualify for a lower mortgage rate. Here’s how you can boost your score:

Pay down existing debt: Reducing your credit card balances and paying off existing loans will lower your credit utilization ratio, which can positively impact your score.
Make timely payments: Consistently paying your bills on time is critical, as payment history accounts for 35% of your credit score. Consider setting up automatic payments to avoid missed due dates.
Limit new credit inquiries: Avoid applying for new credit cards or loans shortly before applying for a mortgage. Each inquiry can temporarily lower your score.
Dispute errors on your credit report: Regularly check your credit report for errors, such as incorrect account balances or late payments that aren’t yours. Dispute these errors with the credit bureaus to potentially raise your score.

3. Save for a larger down payment

The amount you put down on a home can directly influence your mortgage rate. A larger down payment reduces the lender’s risk and can help you secure a more favorable rate. Here are some strategies to help you save for a bigger down payment:

Set a savings goal: Determine how much you need for your down payment and create a savings plan to reach that goal.
Cut unnecessary expenses: Review your budget to find areas where you can cut back, such as dining out, entertainment, or subscription services.
Automate your savings: Set up an automatic transfer from your checking account to a dedicated savings account each month to ensure you’re consistently saving.
Consider down payment assistance programs: Research local, state, or federal programs that provide down payment assistance to first-time homebuyers. These programs can help you reach your savings goal faster.

4. Shop around for lenders and compare offers

Not all lenders offer the same rates, so it’s important to shop around to find the best deal. Follow these steps to compare your options effectively:

Obtain multiple loan estimates: Get loan estimates from at least three to five different lenders, including banks, credit unions, and online lenders. Each estimate should include the interest rate, APR, closing costs, and other fees.
Compare all aspects of the offers: Don’t just look at the interest rate. Compare the APR, which includes additional costs, to get a true sense of the loan’s total cost. Also, consider the type of loan, the term, and any other terms or conditions that might affect your decision.
Negotiate for better terms: If you find a lower rate with one lender, don’t hesitate to use it as leverage to negotiate a better deal with another lender. Many lenders are willing to match or beat competitors’ offers to win your business.
Consider working with a mortgage broker: A mortgage broker can help you navigate the process and provide access to multiple lenders, potentially saving you time and money. However, be sure to factor in their fees when determining if this is the right choice for you.

5. Lock in your rate at the right time

Once you find a rate you’re comfortable with, consider locking it in to protect yourself from potential rate increases while your loan is being processed. Here’s what you need to know about how to get the best mortgage rate through rate locks:

Rate lock periods: Rate locks typically last 30 to 60 days, but longer lock periods may be available for an additional fee. Be sure to ask your lender about the terms and any potential costs.
Monitor market trends: Stay informed about economic indicators and Federal Reserve announcements that could affect mortgage rates. If rates are trending upward, locking in sooner rather than later may be beneficial.
Consider a float-down option: Some lenders offer a float-down option, allowing you to take advantage of a lower rate if rates drop after you’ve locked in. Be sure to ask your lender if this is an option and if there are any associated costs.

6. Pay points to lower your rate

Mortgage points, or discount points, are upfront fees you can pay to lower your interest rate. Each point typically costs 1% of the total loan amount and can lower your rate by approximately 0.25%. Here’s how to decide if paying points is right for you:

Calculate the break-even point: Determine how long it will take for the interest savings to outweigh the upfront cost of the points. If you plan to stay in your home beyond this break-even point, paying points can be a smart move.
Consider your cash flow: Ensure you have enough cash on hand to cover the points in addition to your down payment and closing costs. If paying points will significantly deplete your savings, it may not be the best option.

7. Understand the impact of loan type and term

Choosing the right loan type and term can also help you get the best interest rate. Here’s a breakdown of the most common options:

Fixed-rate mortgages: With a fixed-rate mortgage, your interest rate stays the same for the life of the loan. While this provides stability, the initial rate may be slightly higher than an ARM. This option is best if you plan to stay in your home for the long term and prefer predictable payments.
Adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs): ARMs typically offer lower initial rates than fixed-rate mortgages, but the rate can change after a certain period (usually 5, 7, or 10 years). If you plan to move or refinance before the rate adjusts, an ARM could be a cost-effective choice.
Shorter-term loans: Loans with shorter terms (like 15 years) usually have lower interest rates than longer-term loans (like 30 years). If you can afford the higher monthly payments, a shorter-term loan can save you money on interest over the life of the loan.

8. Stay informed about market conditions

Mortgage rates are influenced by economic conditions, including inflation, employment rates, and Federal Reserve policies. Here’s how to stay informed and make timely decisions in regards to getting the best mortgage rates and more:

Follow financial news: Regularly check financial news sources for updates on economic trends that could affect mortgage rates.
Monitor rate trends: Use online tools and resources to track mortgage rate trends. Knowing when rates are rising or falling can help you decide when to lock in a rate.
Consult with experts: Talk to financial advisors or mortgage professionals to get their insights on market conditions and potential rate changes.

9. Work with a mortgage broker for expert guidance

If navigating the mortgage market feels overwhelming, consider working with a mortgage broker. Brokers have access to a wide range of lenders and can help you find the best rate based on your financial situation. Here’s what to keep in mind:

Understand broker fees: Mortgage brokers charge fees, which can be a flat fee or a percentage of the loan amount. Make sure you understand these costs and how they compare to potential savings.
Check broker credentials: Look for a broker with strong credentials, a good reputation, and positive customer reviews. Ask for referrals from friends or family members who have recently bought a home.

10. Consider additional costs beyond interest rates

While securing a low interest rate is crucial, don’t overlook other costs associated with your mortgage. Be sure to factor these in when considering how to get the best mortgage rate:

Closing costs: These can include origination fees, appraisal fees, title insurance, and more. Ask your lender for a detailed breakdown of these costs.
Private mortgage insurance (PMI): If your down payment is less than 20%, you may need to pay for PMI, which protects the lender in case you default on the loan. PMI can add significantly to your monthly payments, so consider how it impacts the overall cost.
Homeowners insurance and property taxes: These costs are often included in your monthly mortgage payment and can vary widely depending on your location and the value of your home.

How do I get the best possible mortgage rate?

Securing the best mortgage rate involves careful planning, strategic decision-making, and staying informed about the market. By understanding what influences mortgage rates, improving your credit score, saving for a larger down payment, shopping around for lenders, and choosing the right loan type and term, you can position yourself to get the most competitive rate possible. Remember, even a small difference in interest rates can lead to significant savings over the life of your loan, making the effort to secure the best rate well worth it.

This post first appeared on Redfin.com. To see the original, click here.