The descendants of a Black family that once owned a thriving oceanfront resort in Manhattan Beach could get the property back under state legislation announced Friday.
Backers of the proposal introduced by state Sen. Steven Bradford (D-Gardena) say it is the first step toward correcting a historic injustice when the city seized the resort of Charles and Willa Bruce and forced Black beachgoers out of town 100 years ago.
The bill, if passed, would allow Los Angeles County, which currently runs a lifeguard center on the site, to transfer the property to the Bruce family. State legislation is necessary to lift the restriction that the state placed on the property when it transferred the two parcels to L.A. County in 1995.
“We stand here today to introduce a bill that will correct this gross injustice and allow the land to be returned to the Bruce family,” Bradford said Friday. “It is my hope that this legislation will not be the last in a series of actions by the state to address centuries of atrocious actions against Black Americans.”
Actor Kirk Kelley Kahn, 38, of Manhattan Beach, listens to speakers after Los Angeles County Supervisor Janice Hahn announced that the process of returning Bruce’s Beach back to the family of Willa and Charles Bruce has begun.
(Genaro Molina/Los Angeles Times)
The issue has stirred controversy in the nearly all-white city. After hours of heated public testimony, the City Council on Tuesday night voted against issuing an apology, despite many residents urging them during public comments to do so. Officials decided, instead, to issue a “statement of acknowledgement and condemnation” of what happened.
Many have said apologizing is an important step forward, while other longtime residents and community leaders have pushed back, arguing that the residents of today shouldn’t apologize for something that happened almost 100 years ago. Some have also expressed concern that issuing a formal apology could open the city up to potential lawsuits.
Designated Bruce family representative Duane Shepard Sr., who is a Pocasset Wampanoag chief and tribal elder from his father’s side, thanked the grass-roots movement Justice for Bruce’s Beach on Friday and spoke out against the way Manhattan Beach city officials have continued to treat his family and their story.
Los Angeles County Supervisor Janice Hahn, from left, California Assemblyman Al Muratsuchi, Chief Duane Shepard, Sr., and California State Senator Steven Bradford, applaud after announcing that the process of returning Bruce’s Beach back to the family of Willa and Charles Bruce has begun.
(Genaro Molina/Los Angeles Times)
“We reserve our rights on this earth to be men, to be women, to be human beings, to be given the rights of human beings, to be given the respect of human beings in this country in this day and in this society in this damn city,” Shepard said.
He said he hopes to have a big Bruce family reunion once they get the land back — and to honor what happened to their ancestors all those years ago.
In 1912, Willa Bruce had purchased for $1,225 the first of two lots along the Strand between 26th and 27th streets. While her husband, Charles, worked as a dining-car chef on the train running between Salt Lake City and L.A., Willa ran a popular lodge, café and dance hall — providing Black families a way to enjoy a weekend on the coast.
Many referred to this area as Bruce’s Beach. A few more Black families, drawn to this new community, bought and built their own cottages by the sea.
The Bruces and their guests faced years of threats and harassment from white neighbors. The Ku Klux Klan purportedly set fire to a mattress under the main deck and torched a Black-owned home nearby.
When racism failed to drive the Bruce’s Beach community out of town, city officials in 1924 condemned the neighborhood and seized more than two dozen properties through eminent domain. The reason, they said, was an urgent need for a public park.
An aerial view of Bruce’s Beach at sunset.
(Allen J. Schaben/Los Angeles Times)
But for decades, the properties sat empty. The Bruce’s oceanfront parcels were transferred to the state in 1948, then to the county in 1995. As for the remaining lots, city officials eventually turned them into a park, which many residents know today as a pretty stretch of grass overlooking the sea.
On Friday morning, standing on the land once owned by the Bruce family, Bradford and numerous county and state leaders spoke to a lively crowd that mostly cheered as each person spoke about the injustices that they sought to correct.
“We can’t change what happened to the Bruce family, and the hundreds, maybe thousands of others throughout California’s history who were robbed of their property,” said Supervisor Holly Mitchell, who emphasized that the county isn’t “gifting” anything — it’s returning what was lawfully owned by the Bruce family.
Supervisor Janice Hahn, who had initiated these efforts by the county to return the land, said the county is in discussions with the Bruce family about what’s next — if the bill passes, the county will likely lease the land from the family.
A marker gives the history of Bruce’s Beach in Manhattan Beach.
(Genaro Molina/Los Angeles Times)
“I believe that the best part about this is that we will be allowed to transfer the property back to the descendants of the family, and let them decide what what they want to do,” she said. “The Bruce family had their California dream stolen from them.”
For L.A. County Fire Chief Daryl Osby, coming to the lifeguard headquarters in Manhattan Beach has always evoked a deep feeling of sadness.
His grandmother would share memories of driving from their home in San Diego County to Bruce’s Beach — a five- to six-hour trek “just to enjoy a peaceful day, safely, as a beachgoer” because Black families had no options in San Diego.
When Bruce’s Beach closed, he said, it essentially eliminated his grandmother’s ability — and the ability for many Black families — to enjoy any beach because the next option in Santa Monica was another hour to two-hour drive.
“That never,” he said, “felt good to me.”